help nouns

Discussion in 'Grammar & Pronunciation' started by sniper26, Jan 11, 2008.

  1. sniper26

    sniper26 New Member

    hello for all
    i start learn czech language, i learn all alphabet, verbs but pb is the 7 cases of nouns:
    1 nominative kdo, co
    2 dative koho, ceho
    3 accusative komu, cemu
    4 koho, co
    5 vocative kdo, co
    6 locative kom, cem
    7 instrumental kym, cim
    so all this i no understand so plz help me
    what mean in english kdo,..............
    how understand all this
     
  2. Karel_lerak

    Karel_lerak Well-Known Member

    1) kdo = who, co = what
    2) koho "of whom", čeho "of what"
    3) komu "to whom", čemu "to what"
    4) koho "whom" (I see), co "what"
    5) addressing sb
    6) o kom "about whom", o čem "about what"
    7) (with) "whom", (with) "what"

    All these "helping words" are interrogative pronouns, which should help (the czech speaker) to recognise the case. For a foreigner the sense of showing them is limited (in my opinion).
     
  3. dzurisova

    dzurisova Well-Known Member

    You're right it is very limited. However, I've never seen it translated so thanks Karel. Hopefully that will be quite helpful.
     
  4. sniper26

    sniper26 New Member

    hello
    thks for your help
    good luck
     
  5. scrimshaw

    scrimshaw Well-Known Member

    Do nouns ending in ě follow the declension of 'lekce'?

    nouns ending in d', t', and ň are feminine?

    Not sure of rules for imperative for at verbs.

    Přestaň!
    vstaň!

    but
    zavolej!
    neříkej!

    Thanks
     
  6. Alena

    Alena Well-Known Member

    I think it depens on vzory sloves a slovesné třídy
    přestal - přestane - přest 1. třída (brát)
    vstal - vstane - vst 1.třída (brát)
    zavolal - zavo - zavolej 5. třída (dělat)
    neříkal - neří - neříkej 5. třída (dělat)
     
  7. Alena

    Alena Well-Known Member

    To shrimshaw
    Not sure of rules for imperative for at verbs.
    :idea: try to find imperative forms for these verbs:
    kráčet, zavřít, ukrýt, vídat, spolehnout
     
  8. scrimshaw

    scrimshaw Well-Known Member

    Ok, I see it now. I do remember the book saying the imperative depends on the third person form of the verb.
    Thanks.

    kračet......krač
    zavřit.....zavři?
    ukrýt....ukrej?
    vídat.....vídej?
    spolehnout.....spolehni?

    Spolehni na mě, když říkám, že někde budu, tam budu.
     
  9. Karel_lerak

    Karel_lerak Well-Known Member

     
  10. Karel_lerak

    Karel_lerak Well-Known Member

     
  11. Alena

    Alena Well-Known Member

    Myslím, že i infinitiv pomůže.
    infinitiv kráčet - podívejte se, který slovesný vzor končí v infinitivu -et, je to pouze vzor sázet (4. třída). I ostatní tvary se shodují.
    kráčet - sázet
    kráčel - sázel
    kráčí - sází
    kráčej! (sázej!)

    zavřít - podobný infinitiv má třít (1.třída).
    zavřel - třel
    zavře - tře
    zavři! (začni!)

    ukrýt - viz. krýt (3. třída)
    ukryj! (kryj!)

    vídat - podobný infinitiv mají mazat (1. třída), kupovat (3. třída) a dělat (5. třída)
    Další tvary:
    vídal - mazal - kupoval - dělal
    vídá - maže - kupuje - dělá
    vídej! (dělej!)
    Look for matching and then follow 'vzor' :wink:
     
  12. Polednikova

    Polednikova Well-Known Member

    Loathe though I am to disagree with Karel, whose English is far better than my Czech will ever be, I do find this helpful.

    For example, in the dictionary, if it gives a verb with koho/čeho after it, you know that that verb takes the genitive. Or komu/čemu, you know it takes the dative.
     
  13. scrimshaw

    scrimshaw Well-Known Member

    I think I can safely say that I will never get the gender to all those nouns correct. I see no rhyme or reason to the the irregular declensions in such cases. I think the czech ear, with use and frequency, just knows what sounds right and what doesn't. That would be a lot of memorization.
    But you gave us some more catagorie types, those are always useful.
    yně...feminine
    istě(places), kotě-stěně(animals)..neutral

    Tank, odpoved' na moje otázku je někdy ano, někdy ne.

    Ah, you are brave today Polednikovo, correcting a native speaker. Good luck with that :lol:

    By the way, how did you manage to edit your on post a couple posts back?

    Thanks Aleno for input about imperatives.
    Just a matter of learning the rules, right? Uuf!

    Musím vyznat, že český jazyk je docela impozantní.
     
  14. Alena

    Alena Well-Known Member

    Sometimes is nice to know that there's a rule, even complicated one in the whole puzzle. It might bring confidence that you can get it through one day. :wink:
     
  15. kibicz

    kibicz Well-Known Member

    ;-)

    *"-ova" doesnt have special vocative form.
     
  16. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    Except Sova (Sovo). :wink:
     
  17. MK

    MK Well-Known Member

    Word with the root which is just simple "S". Each day with czech bring something new either for native speaker. :D :D :D
     

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