hello for all i start learn czech language, i learn all alphabet, verbs but pb is the 7 cases of nouns: 1 nominative kdo, co 2 dative koho, ceho 3 accusative komu, cemu 4 koho, co 5 vocative kdo, co 6 locative kom, cem 7 instrumental kym, cim so all this i no understand so plz help me what mean in english kdo,.............. how understand all this
1) kdo = who, co = what 2) koho "of whom", čeho "of what" 3) komu "to whom", čemu "to what" 4) koho "whom" (I see), co "what" 5) addressing sb 6) o kom "about whom", o čem "about what" 7) (with) "whom", (with) "what" All these "helping words" are interrogative pronouns, which should help (the czech speaker) to recognise the case. For a foreigner the sense of showing them is limited (in my opinion).
You're right it is very limited. However, I've never seen it translated so thanks Karel. Hopefully that will be quite helpful.
Do nouns ending in ě follow the declension of 'lekce'? nouns ending in d', t', and ň are feminine? Not sure of rules for imperative for at verbs. Přestaň! vstaň! but zavolej! neříkej! Thanks
I think it depens on vzory sloves a slovesné třídy přestal - přestane - přestaň 1. třída (brát) vstal - vstane - vstaň 1.třída (brát) zavolal - zavolá - zavolej 5. třída (dělat) neříkal - neříká - neříkej 5. třída (dělat)
To shrimshaw Not sure of rules for imperative for at verbs. :idea: try to find imperative forms for these verbs: kráčet, zavřít, ukrýt, vídat, spolehnout
Ok, I see it now. I do remember the book saying the imperative depends on the third person form of the verb. Thanks. kračet......krač zavřit.....zavři? ukrýt....ukrej? vídat.....vídej? spolehnout.....spolehni? Spolehni na mě, když říkám, že někde budu, tam budu.
Myslím, že i infinitiv pomůže. infinitiv kráčet - podívejte se, který slovesný vzor končí v infinitivu -et, je to pouze vzor sázet (4. třída). I ostatní tvary se shodují. kráčet - sázet kráčel - sázel kráčí - sází kráčej! (sázej!) zavřít - podobný infinitiv má třít (1.třída). zavřel - třel zavře - tře zavři! (začni!) ukrýt - viz. krýt (3. třída) ukryj! (kryj!) vídat - podobný infinitiv mají mazat (1. třída), kupovat (3. třída) a dělat (5. třída) Další tvary: vídal - mazal - kupoval - dělal vídá - maže - kupuje - dělá vídej! (dělej!) Look for matching and then follow 'vzor' :wink:
Loathe though I am to disagree with Karel, whose English is far better than my Czech will ever be, I do find this helpful. For example, in the dictionary, if it gives a verb with koho/čeho after it, you know that that verb takes the genitive. Or komu/čemu, you know it takes the dative.
I think I can safely say that I will never get the gender to all those nouns correct. I see no rhyme or reason to the the irregular declensions in such cases. I think the czech ear, with use and frequency, just knows what sounds right and what doesn't. That would be a lot of memorization. But you gave us some more catagorie types, those are always useful. yně...feminine istě(places), kotě-stěně(animals)..neutral Tank, odpoved' na moje otázku je někdy ano, někdy ne. Ah, you are brave today Polednikovo, correcting a native speaker. Good luck with that :lol: By the way, how did you manage to edit your on post a couple posts back? Thanks Aleno for input about imperatives. Just a matter of learning the rules, right? Uuf! Musím vyznat, že český jazyk je docela impozantní.
Sometimes is nice to know that there's a rule, even complicated one in the whole puzzle. It might bring confidence that you can get it through one day. :wink:
Word with the root which is just simple "S". Each day with czech bring something new either for native speaker.