How is different between pri- and do-

Discussion in 'Vocabulary & Translation Help' started by meda, Jul 4, 2005.

  1. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Ahoj.
    I am a new member.
    Mam otaska.
    I am in trouble now :(

    I don't understand how is different "přečíst" and "dočíst" .
    "číst" means "read".
    "přečíst" means "read once" ?
    "dočíst" means "finish to read" ????

    Czech verb simetimes add these letter "pře-/při-, do-, u-, na- ".
    when they stuck with verbs, do they have common meanings ?
    Please someone help me! :!:
     
  2. uuspoiss

    uuspoiss Well-Known Member

    Take a look at this thread, it should probably help:)
    H.
     
  3. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Dekuju!
    I checked it ! That's great ! I will print them and try to study!
    Díky!!!!!!!!!!!!!
     
  4. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    číst is the imperfective form of "to read." The imperfective is used when an action is ongoing or repeated.
    přečíst means the same thing, but is a perfective variant, emphasizing that it is (or will be) a completed action (i.e. that one has read an entire work).
    dočíst (also a perfective variant of číst) means that one was (or is) in the middle of reading something and has (or will) finish reading it.
     
  5. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Dekuji Sova. Sorry my late reply.
    So ... When I say ....
    1) I am reading Harry Potter -> use "číst".
    2) I (have) read Harry Potter many times. -> use "číst".
    3) I have read Harry Potter last month. - > use "přečíst" or "dočíst"
    4) I will finish reading Harry Potter by morning -> use "přečíst" or "dočíst"
    Am I right ?
    If you help me again, I am happy ;)
     
  6. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    1) Čtu Harry Potter.
    2) Četl jsem Harry Potter mnohokrat.
    3) Přečetl jsem Harry Potter v minulém měsíci.
    4) Dočtu Harry Potter do zítřka. (if you are in the middle of it).
    -otr-
    Přečtu Harry Potter do zítřka. (if you are going to start and finish it before morning.)

    In short, you understood correctly. :)
     
  7. szarkafarka

    szarkafarka Well-Known Member

    Use accusative: Čtu Harryho Pottera.

    In fact, you can hardly read Harry Potter.
     
  8. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    That was why I wasn't sure if/how I should decline "Harry Potter," since it's the title of a book that's being read, rather than an actual person. Thanks for correcting me, szarkafarka. :oops:
     
  9. Jana

    Jana Well-Known Member

    Čtu (přečtu, dočtu, rozečtu etc.) Harryho Pottera is colloquial Czech. Literary language would use čtu knihu o Harry Potterovi or knihu Harry Potter a...(kámen mudrců etc.)
     
  10. szarkafarka

    szarkafarka Well-Known Member

    It is a kind of metonymy. The most common example in the Czech textbooks explaining this kind of metonymy is Čtu Jiráska.
     
  11. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Sova, szarkafarka and Jana.
    I am sorry my late reply again because of my PC trouble. :'-(
    Thank you very much for your help !
    I think I understand the differences of them. :)

    May I ask one more question ?
    what is infinitive word of "pojd'me" and "pojd'te" or "pojd" ?
    I tried to look up my dictionary but I could not find them.
    "pojd" means "Let's " ???
     
  12. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    The infinitive is "pojít"

    "pojd'me" = "Let's go"
    "pojd'/pojd'te tudy" = "[You/You all] Go there"
    "pojd'/pojd'te sem" = "[You/You all] Come here"

    Try using http://www.pravidla.cz for these kinds of lookups.
     
  13. Jana

    Jana Well-Known Member

    Infinitive for pojď, pojďme, pojďte is pojít (derived from jít = go, a highly irregular verb). The closest sense is pojď, pojďte = come (with me), pojďme = let´s go. Maybe the most common expression is pojď sem (come here, approach); opposite to it is jdi or běž tam (go there).

    Pojď, pojďme, pojďte always implies the presence or closeness of the speaker.
     
  14. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Thank you for your help ! And the url is wonderful!!!!! I have never known that kind of site ! That is very very useful to me !! :D
     
  15. meda

    meda Well-Known Member

    Moc dekuji Jana! Your explanation is very easy to understand ! I will bear them in mind. ;)
     
  16. rsalc1

    rsalc1 Well-Known Member

    Sova, I am a bit confused.
    I looked up pojít at the website mentioned, and this is the result:
    pojít, 1. j. pojdu; rozk. pojdi, pojděte; příč. pošel, pošla;

    It seems that the imperative is "pojdi/pojděte".
    What is the difference between "pojdi/pojděte" and "pojd'/pojd'te" ?

    Děkuji předem!
    rsalc1
     
  17. Sova

    Sova Well-Known Member

    Hmm... Seems it does give that result. If you type in "pojď," however, it gives

    pojď, pojďte (rozk. k půjdu)
    jít, 1. j. jdu, bud. půjdu; rozk. jdi, jděte - pojď, pojďte; příč. šel, šla; podst. jm. jití
    půjdu, rozk. pojď, pojďte

    I'm not sure how to reconcile this. Maybe Jana or another native Czech can explain.
     
  18. Jana

    Jana Well-Known Member

    Pojít (with all its tenses and genders...) means the same as zajít = to die (animals). Půjdu (as Wicker mentioned in the topic Aspect: A Novel) does not have an infinitive - I apologize for incorrect information :oops:
    On the other hand, for popojdu = I will go a little farther, a verb with meaning close to půjdu, the infinitive is popojít.
    It looks you hit one of the most difficult part of Czech grammar here, but lots of reading and practice will help. :)
     
  19. mravenec

    mravenec Well-Known Member

    I suggest you don't worry too much about the infinitives or actual verbs, 'motional' verbs are highly irregular.

    Pojď means come; pojď sem! means come here.
    If you're polite you'd say pojďte sem.

    The above are connected to půjdu, etc - which gives a felling of 'come straight away!'

    You could also use přijď, come (some day, some time, tomorrow) derived from the verb přijít (to come)

    Hope this brings more help than confusion...
     
  20. rsalc1

    rsalc1 Well-Known Member

    You can say that again! :D Motion verbs are very difficult to master.

    Sova, Jana, Mravenec:
    Thank you for all your answers!

    rsalc1
     

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